Right now, protection against Covid-19 comes via an สล็อต injection. But in future, those vaccines could come from inhalers or even pills.
Swedish chemist Ingemo Andersson and her team hope a thin, plastic inhaler, half the size of a matchbox, could play a big role in the fight against coronavirus, allowing people to take powdered versions of future vaccines at home.
"It's easy and it's really cheap to produce," says Johan Waborg, chief executive of Iconovo, a firm which usually makes inhalers for patients with asthma.
"You just remove a little plastic slip and then the vaccine inhaler is activated and you just put it in your mouth, take a deep breath and inhale."
It is collaborating with an immunology research start-up in Stockholm, ISR, which has developed a dry-powder vaccine against Covid-19.
It uses manufactured Covid-19 virus proteins (unlike Pfizer, Moderna and AstraZeneca which use RNA or DNA that code for these proteins), and can withstand temperatures of up to 40C.